This isn’t the first time Facebook users have been targeted in this kind of attack, in fact, so pervasive is the phishing problem for Facebook that they created a dedicated email address, where users can forward suspect emails for inspection. It is detected by most antivirus products but is identified by a number of different names.ĭanchev lists a number of IP addresses and related domains implicated in this campaign. Successful exploitation drops this Win32 executable on its victims. He also claims that the malicious payload and exploits appear to be hosted on a ‘ceredinopleru,’ whereas the compromised website that the email links to is ‘covellgroupcom/new.htim?_RAINDOM_CHARACTERS.’ In his write-up on Webroot’s Threat Blog, Danchev identifies CVE-2010-0188, an Adobe bug patched in 2010, as an example of an exploit served in the attack. However, it also contains a typo that is indicative of the sorts of writing errors that have become a hallmark of spam campaigns in general. The malicious email, which can be seen below, is crafted to and does a serviceable job of mimicking Facebook’s widely-recognizable interface. File descriptor 2 is still redirected to stdout, no matter what happens to file descriptor 1.Attackers are sending spoofed “pending notification” emails to Facebook users, claiming that the recipients overlooked some alert on the world’s largest social network, and providing them with a link that supposedly leads to the allegedly neglected content but which, in reality, funnels users to a series of compromised websites hosting the Black Hole Exploit Kit, according to researcher Dancho Danchev. Indeed, in the later case, file descriptor 2 is set to the current address of file descriptor ``1 (which is stdout at this very moment), and then the file descriptor 1 is redirected to /dev/null. Try these two commands with a non-privileged user: ls >/dev/null 2>&1 Warning: the order of redirection matters: >/dev/null 2>&1 As such, no output is produced and no mail is sent. Is redirecting the error stream to the output stream, which has been redirected to /dev/null. stdout) and file descriptor 2 is standard error (a.k.a. & is the address operator as in the C language.Ĭonventionally, file descriptor 1 is standard output (a.k.a. Will redirect to file descriptor n (or standard output if unspecified) to file descriptor fd.Ī file descriptor can be a file name of the address of a stream. Now to the syntax: this is specific to the Bourne shell language (and its derivatives such as bash, zsh, and so on). So what your article suggests here is to produce no output, thus sending no mail.Īnother way (more convenient?) to disable mail is to use the -m off option, i.e. When executing commands, any output is mailed to the owner of the crontab. It should be: x * * * * /path/to/my/script > /dev/null 2>&1 O U R S E R V I C E S Helping You Travel. In other words, the script is silenced.īy the way, you need to have a > in front of /dev/null 2>&1. Rose quartz spiritual meaning Blackhole devnull-facebook-com Two worlds ii alchemy recipes Dsync setup mapping Plan Your Next Getaway. Since STDERR is now going to STDOUT (because of 2>&1) both STDERR and STDOUT ends up in the blackhole /dev/null. Now we already have > /dev/null at the end of the script which means all the standard output ( STDOUT) will be written to /dev/null. to treat all the error messages generated from the script as its standard output). 1 is the handle for standard output or STDOUTĢ>&1 is asking to direct all the STDERR as STDOUT, (ie.2 is the handle for standard error or STDERR.with Honkai-driven micro-black hole generating modules. When you run a script that gives you an output and if we add a > /dev/null 2>&1 at the end of the script, we are asking the script to write whatever that is generated from the script (both the output and error messages) to /dev/null. Vorpal New WorldVorpal Weapon works on champions, meaning it will be doing. Whatever that is written to it, get discarded or disappears. dev/null is a device file that acts like a blackhole.
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